Bidirectional Digital Twin Framework for Smart Building Operations Using BIM–IoT Integration
Abstract
This research develops a bidirectional Digital Twin framework for smart building operations by integrating BIM models, IoT sensor data, and artificial intelligence. The study focuses on enabling real-time synchronization between physical building systems and their digital representations, allowing both monitoring and active control of assets such as HVAC, lighting, and environmental comfort systems. Using Building F at ÉTS Montréal as a case study, the research proposes a scalable architecture that connects BIM models with live building management systems (BMS) through structured data integration pipelines. The framework incorporates data analytics and machine learning models to optimize energy performance and operational efficiency. The project also differentiates between Digital Models, Digital Shadows, and fully interactive Digital Twins to clarify maturity levels. The expected outcome is a validated prototype demonstrating real-time visualization, predictive insights, and closed-loop control capabilities, contributing to both academic research and practical building management applications.
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